INDIA'S 44th UNESCO world Heritage site Listed
What is UNESCO world Heritage site?
UNESCO world Heritage sites is a site for its Outstanding Universal Value (OUV)in terms of cultural, natural, or mixed heritage, governed by the 1972 world Heritage Convention.
Governing agencies:
Archeological survey of India (ASI)is the nodal agencies for heritage management and proposals.
India is the member of the UNESCO world heritage committee (2021-2025)
India has 44 world Heritage sites (as of July 2025).
Ranks 6th globally,2nd in Asia Pacific ,just behind china.
Cultural sites (36)
(1) Agra fort (U.P) 1983
(2) Ajanta caves(Maharashtra) 1983
(3) Ellora caves (Maharashtra) 1983
(4) Taj Mahal (U.P) 1983
(5) Sun Temple,Konark (Odisha) 1984
(6) Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram (T.N) 1984
(7) Churches of contents of Goa(1986)
(8) Khajuraho groups of Monuments (1986)
(9) Monuments at Hampi (Karnataka) 1986
(10) Fatehpur Sikri (U.P) 1986
(11) Pattadakal Temples (Karnataka) 1987
(12) Elephanta caves (1987)
(13) Great Living Chola Temples (1987, 2004)
(14) Sanchu Stupa (M.P) (1989)
(15) Humayun Tomb (Delhi) (1993)
(16) Qutub Minar and its Monuments , (Delhi) (1993)
(17) Mountain Railways of India (1999, 2005, 2008)
(18) Mahabodhi Temple , Bodhgaya (Bihar) (2002)
(19) Rock Shelter of Bhimbetka (M.P) ( 2003)
(20) Champaner - pavagadh Park (Gujarat) 2004)
(21) Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST), (Mumbai) ( 2004)
(22) Red Fort Complex ,(Delhi) ( 2007)
(23) Jantar Mantar of Jaipur (Rajasthan) ( 2010
(24 Hill forts of Rajasthan (2013)
(25) Rani -ki - vav (the Queen's Stepwell ) at Patan , (Gujarat) (2014)
(26) Archeological sites of Nalanda Mahavihara (Nalanda University) ,(Bihar) (2016)
(27) The Architectural work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding contribution to the Modern Movement (Chandigarh) (2016)
(28) Historic city of Ahmedabad (2017)
(29) Victoriam Gothic and Art -Deco Ensembles of Mumbai (2018)
(30) Jaipur City ( Rajasthan) ( 2019)
(31) Dholavira : a Harappan City (2021)
(32) Kakatiya Rudreshwara (ramappa) Temple , Telangana (2021)
(33) Sacred Ensembles of Hoysalas(2023)
(34) Santiniketan (2023)
(35) Moidams- the Mound - Burial system of the Ahom Dynasty (2024)
(36) Maratha military Landscapes of India (2025)
Natural sites (7)
(37) Great Himalayan National park conservation Area (2014)
(38) Kaziranga National Park (1985)
(39) Keoladeo National Park (1985)
(40) Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1985)
(41) Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks (1988,2005)
(42) Sundernab National Park (1987)
(43) Western Ghats (2012)
Mixed site (1)
(44) Khangchendzonga National Park (2016)
Maratha Military Landscapes of India Inscribed in UNESCO world Heritage List
At the 47th session of the UNESCO world Heritage Committee in Paris, the Maratha Military Landscapes of India was Inscribed as India's 44 World Heritage site,making a historic recognition of India's fortified legacy .
Maratha Military Landscapes of India
A network of 12 strategic forts built between the 17th- 19th centuries CE showcasing a military ingenuity of the Maratha Empire - known for their adaptability , architecture, and command over diverse terrains.
Location covered
Maharashtra (11 forts) : Salher, Shivneri, Lohgad, Khanderi, Raigad, Rajgad,Pratapgarh, Suvanadurg, Panhala, Vijaydurg, Sindhudurg.
Tamilnadu (1) Gingee fort
Developed during the rise of the Maratha Empire , these forts formed a defensive belt using natural landscapes for protection.
Reflected Shivaji Maharaj's military vision and emphasis on self -reliant fort defence systems.
Unique features:
(1) Hill Forts : Shivneri, Lohgad,Raigad, Salher, Gingee - integrated with rugged hill terrain.
(2) Island forts: Sindhudurg, Khanderi, Suvanadurg -surounded by the Arabian Sea.
(3) Plateaus and forest forts:- Panhala (plateau), Pratapgarh (hillforest)
(4) Forts display adaptive design , built with local materials and regional architecture.
(5) Recognised under UNESCO criteria (4) & (6) -for architectural, military, and cultural continuity.
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